01-10-2010

With macro is on digital cameras in general, the internal displacement of lenses (groups) meant that quality and image size close-ups make sufficient to be able to. Strong enough taken the short range of about 1 meter to approximately 1:1 scale. Only the subsequent area magnified images to about 10:1 is called macro range. At 1:1 scale chip is an object on the CCD size shown in. In practice, it is to compare the macro capability of different cameras due to the different chip sizes really meaningful, 'frame-filling object width (or height) to speak of the. So how small can be an object to make it the viewfinder or the display completely fills. Some cameras, objects with only 1 cm wide without additional accessories depict fill the frame, other cameras do this as close-up lenses, or so-called macro converter.
One of the advantages of digital cameras is that many of them can make excellent macro photos. In some cases, some rooms reach a surprisingly short distance from the subject, in other cases you use the zoom to enlarge the subject and fill the screen. In general, the shutter speed is quite low, so we do not recommend enough the use of a stable support for the room or the self, to prevent the vibrations that are easy to reach even minimal ruin a shot. The highly magnified image of an object can be very funny but also very useful because you can discover details that are needed to ignore them if we see with the naked eye. Familiar objects reveal shapes, textures and colors that are reminiscent of the art or modern architecture. A problem arises when photographing a two-dimensional object, like a stamp or banknote.
The closer the lens and the aberrations are more apparent linear. The straight lines are distorted by taking the characteristic shape of the image 'barrel' which must then be corrected with a photo-editing program. In brief, I would just remind that the term Macro (in the jargon of the purists) should be used only from the time you work at a magnification ratio greater than or equal to 1 / 1. This means that if the actual size of the photographed subject is for example 1 mm, the latter must have at least this size (or more) on the sensor. Another example: if the size is about 2 mm on the sensor while in reality the subject measure 1mm, we refer to report 2 / 1). In recent years, the picture or close proximity photo has greatly democratized (especially with the advent of digital cameras) and it has flourished the terms' macro 'on not allowing goals to exceed the ratio 0, 5 / 1 (or less) but what of the bottle as long as the intoxication of power take pictures of insects, flowers either to go and meet users.
When selecting the camera can look forward to macro-fans - for crop cameras, in front of cameras with full frame sensors, two key advantages: they offer more zoom magnification and the image detail for the respective Crop factor (x1, 5 for Nikon, x1, 6, Canon Olympus and x2) and offer in comparison to full-chip more depth of field. The increase in itself is a fairly obvious advantage, but also for the depth of field one will be with diopter Super Macro with very thankful, because there's only focus in the millimeter range. So one of the few areas in underwater photography, which is worth saving. Whether 400D, 450D, 40D or 50D, Canon or D80, D90, D200 or D300 with Nikon - all these cameras offer the advantage of crop that is so important for macro fans. An additional plus for the crop team all these cameras have an internal flash and external flashes may thus also be via optical cable.
In contrast to the wide-angle photography - where the use of red filters happens quite common - you need for macro flashes. Without them, the motives are often not sufficiently illuminated - especially as many high f-numbers can be selected. With the number of flashes are the ghosts. Many swear by to produce by shadows and lighting atmosphere, while others insist on two flashes for a clean illumination. Both are of course well - but if in doubt give two smaller flashes more flexibility than a large - especially since you can always switch off.
One can for the most part the auto focus to rely on, but a completely different technique also choose in which one fixed camera to focus does not, but the reverse, with manually set preset distance object cautiously approaches the until the object in the viewfinder sharpest appears. It helps with some very good cameras, an electronic viewfinder and / or a sliding plate.
Macro Lenses
T he modern macro lenses allow a continuous focus from infinity to 1 / 1 ratio, giving comfort remarkable job. The optics of this type of lens is designed to achieve excellent uniformity of image magnification of all reports while minimizing the leakage of light thanks to a system of internal focusing which prevents the elongation the draw.
Obviously, the price of a macro lens is higher than a fixed focus optical performance but is generally a high level and can replace without any problem, a lens focal length equivalent. Macro lenses come in different focal lengths (usually 50mm to 200mm) and it depends on the type of topic you want to shoot more because the focus will be longer and there will be a 'safe distance' between respectable topic and the front lens of the objective. This can become a real argument on insects afraid ;-)).
However, 180mm or 200mm macro is not necessarily a panacea for weight and maneuverability of these goals can become a handicap compared to a 100mm. So, be careful to choose the lens that best suits your needs.

Another point not to be overlooked when choosing a macro lens is whether the focus (focus) is internal (FI internal focus), in which case the size of the objective remains the same regardless of the magnification ratio and is a big advantage over an optical non-FI. Indeed, with a view not IF, the greater the magnification ratio will increase and more objective and will grow by. Similarly, reduced the distance between the front lenses of the subject. This is a handicap.
Working distances (target / subject) in approximate ratio 1 / 1:

• ~ 08-10 cm for a focal length of 50mm
• ~ 14-15 cm for a focal length of 100mm
• ~ 22-24 cm for a focal length of 180/200mm

Moreover, if the photographer looking for higher magnification ratios 1 / 1 and for this it uses extension tubes on a macro lens. Well, you should know that the longer the focal length will be long and less increase in magnification ratio will be important! In this case, it is unquestionably the 50mm that will achieve the highest magnifications but more than ever, to the detriment of the safe distance. For me, it is unquestionably the 100mm macro which is the most versatile because you can enjoy a safe distance from the subject, while having a goal that knows enough to stay compact, lightweight .. and much less expensive than 180/200mm.